The edge and the surface inspection are one of the most important and more difficult tasks of evaluation of the quality in the industrial production. typical defects are the cracks, inclusions, pores, flakings surface, partisan or a total tear of the surface of the material and thus These defects can happen through defective material or by means of the extreme tension during the process of mechanized. Detection of defects in a surface materialc can be complicated due to material degrees very different from brightness and due to the shade areas, caused by the folding of the surface. On the other hand, the impurities or bleachings surface can produce devices that can be detected like pseudo-defects. The conditions of brightness in the edge of material defects are interpreted as a Gaussian distribution of a radiation and is used for a physical model. Being based on this model, a set essentially new adaptation of algorithms based on the knowledge was developed. Using these methods, different types from defects can be detected, without the measures to depend on the conditions of local or global brightness of the taken image. The new algorithms of adaptation based on the knowledge allow a detection of defects in different materials, like metal, ceramics, plastic and stone. These methods allow to detect of explicit form all type of different defects, independent of their size, forms and position and of the surface to be inspected. The methods of adaptation based on the knowledge to provide a very ample phantom of applications.

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